Individuals with Impaired Renal Function
- People with impaired renal function like end-stage renal disease or chronic renal insufficiency have lower levels of vitamin B6.
- Those receiving maintenance kidney dialysis or intermittent peritoneal dialysis also have low levels of Plasma pyridoxal phosphate (PLP).
- It is also low in people who have undergone a kidney transplant.
- This is probably because of the increased metabolic clearance of PLP.
- Patients with kidney disease often show clinical symptoms similar to those of people with vitamin B6 deficiency.
- The symptoms of kidney disease are also very similar to that of a vitamin B6 deficiency.
Individuals with Autoimmune Disorders
- The low vitamin B6, which is a result of the inflammation from the disease, causes further inflammation in the body.
- Though vitamin B6 supplements lead to normalization of vitamin B6 concentrations in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, they do not suppress inflammatory cytokine production or decrease the levels of inflammatory markers.
People with Alcohol Dependence
- People who regularly consume alcohol have low PLP concentration.
- Hence, there is low vitamin B6 as well.
- Alcohol produces acetaldehyde.
- This reduces the net PLP formed by the cells and competes with PLP in protein binding.
- This means that the PLP in cells might be susceptible to hydrolysis by membrane-bound phosphatase.
- Pyridoxine supplementation might help those who are suffering from vitamin B6 deficiency because of alcohol dependence.